\شماره٪٪۱
Batini, N., Rotta Loria, A.F., Conti, P. and et al.
``Energy and geotechnical behaviour of energy
piles for different design solutions'', {\it Appl. Therm. Eng}, {\bf 86},
pp. 199-213 (2015).
\شماره٪٪۲
Fadejev, J., Simson, R., Kurnitski, J. and et al. ``A
review on energy piles design, sizing and modelling'', {\it Energy
[Internet]}, {\bf 122}, pp. 390-407 (March, 2017).
\شماره٪٪۳
Gashti, E.H.N., Uotinen, V.M. and Kujala, K. ``Numerical modelling
of thermal regimes in steel energy pile foundations: a case study'', {\it
Energy
and Building}, {\bf 69}, pp. 165-174 (2014).
\شماره٪٪۴
Lee, K.S., {\it Underground Thermal Energy Storage}, Springer,
pp. 15-26 (2013).
\شماره٪٪۵
Lund, J.W. ``Direct utilization of geothermal energy'', {\it Energies},
{\bf 3}(8),
pp. 1443-1471 (2010).
\شماره٪٪۶
Eu. Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and
of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings,
{\it Official
J. Eur. Union}, pp. 13-35 (2010).
\شماره٪٪۷
Brandl, H. ``Energy foundations and other thermo-active ground
structures'', {\it G\'{e}otechnique},
{\bf 56}(2), pp. 81-122 (2006).
\شماره٪٪۸
Brandl, H. ``Thermo-active ground-source structures for heating
and cooling'', {\it Procedia Eng}, {\bf 57}, pp. 9-18 (2013).
\شماره٪٪۹
Pahud, D., Dock, D., Terminal, D. and et al. ``In
VZ. measured thermal performances of the dock midfield energy
pile system at z\"{u}rich airport'', {\it Proc. 9$^{th}$ IEA Heat Pump Conf},
pp. 1-11 (20-22 May, 2008).
\شماره٪٪۱۰
Abdelaziz, S.L., Olgun, C.G. and Martin, II J.R. ``Design
and operational considerations of geothermal energy piles'', Geo-Frontiers
Congress, pp. 450-459 (2011).
\شماره٪٪۱۱
Gashti, E.H.N., Malaska, M. and Kujala, K. ``Analysis of
thermo-active pile structures and their performance under groundwater
flow conditions'', {\it Energy and Buildings}, {\bf 105}, pp. 1-8 (2015).
\شماره٪٪۱۲
You, S., Cheng, X., Yu, C. and et al. ``Effects of groundwater
flow on the heat transfer performance of energy piles: experimental
and numerical analysis'', {\it Energy Buildings [Internet]}, {\bf 155}, pp.
249-259 (Sept, 2017).
\شماره٪٪۱۳
Delerablee, Y., Burlon, S., Reiffsteck, P. and et al.
``Numerical assessment of thermal performance and heat storage
capacity of thermoactive geostructures'', {\it Springer Ser Geomech.
Geoengin}, {\bf 1}(217729), pp. 11-18 (2019).
\شماره٪٪۱۴
Zhang, C., Guo, Z., Liu, Y. and et al. ``A review
on thermal response test of ground-coupled heat pump systems'', {\it Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews}, {\bf 40}, pp. 851-867 (2014).
\شماره٪٪۱۵
Ghasemi-Fare, O. and Basu, P. ``Influences of ground saturation
and thermal boundary condition on energy harvesting using geothermal
piles'', {\it Energy and Buildings [Internet]}, {\bf 165}, pp. 340-351 (2018).
\شماره٪٪۱۶
Guo, Y., Zhang, G., Liu, S. and et al. ``Numerical
study on the long-term thermal performance and ground temperature
variation of energy pile in multi-layered soil'', {\it Springer Ser
Geomech Geoengin}, {\bf 1}(217729), pp. 90-96 (2019).
\شماره٪٪۱۷
Park, S., Lee, S., Oh, K. and et al ``Engineering
chart for thermal performance of cast-in-place energy pile considering
thermal resistance'', {\it Applied Thermal Engineering}, {\bf
130}, pp. 899-921
(2018).
\شماره٪٪۱۸
Lazzari, S., Priarone, A. and Zanchini, E. ``Long-term performance
of BHE (borehole heat exchanger) fields with negligible groundwater
movement'', {\it Energy}, {\bf 35}(12), pp. 4966-4974 (2010).
\شماره٪٪۱۹
Saaly, M., Maghoul, P., Kavgic, M. and et al. ``Performance
analysis of a proposed geothermal pile system for heating and
cooling energy demand for a building in cold regions'', {\it Sustainable
Cities and Society [Internet]}, {\bf 45}, pp. 669-682 (2019).
\شماره٪٪۲۰
Khodaparast, M., Kiani, M.A. and Bayesteh, H. ``Numerical
study of bearing capacity and consolidation settlement of energy
piles in fine-grained soils'', {\it Energy pile: Geotechnical Design},
pp. 57-64 (Aug 2016).
\شماره٪٪۲۱
Amatya, B.L., Soga, K., Bourne-Webb, P.J. and et al.
``Thermo-mechanical behaviour of energy piles'', {\it G\'{e}otechnique},
{\bf 62}(6),
pp. 503-519 (2012).
\شماره٪٪۲۲
Oliaei, M., Kiani, M.A. and Torkaman, M., {\it Advanced Finite
Difference Method for Study Energy Piles Behavior in Temperature
Dependent Soils}, In: Ferrari, A. and Laloui, L., editors, Energy
Geotechnics, pp. 105-112 (2019).
\شماره٪٪۲۳
Faizal, M., Bouazza, A., McCartney, J.S. and et al.
``Effects of cyclic temperature variations on thermal response
of an energy pile under a residential building'', {\it J. Geotech.
Geoenvironmental Eng}., {\bf 145}(10), 04019066 (2019).
\شماره٪٪۲۴
Holman, J.P. and Holman, J.P., {\it Heat Transfer}, 10$^{th}$ Edition,
p. 758 (2010).
\شماره٪٪۲۵
Bergman, Th.L., Lavine, A.S., Incropera, F.P. and et al.,
{\it Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer}, John Wiley \&
Sons, Inc. p. 1048 (2004).
\شماره٪٪۲۶
Haaland, S.E. ``Simple and explicit formulas for the friction
factor in turbulent pipe flow'', {\it J. Fluids Eng}, {\bf 105}(1), pp. 89-90
(2009).
\شماره٪٪۲۷
Comsol. ``COMSOL multiphysics$^{TM}$ version 5.4'', User's Guide
and Reference Manual, COMSOL, Burlington, Massachusetts, United States (2018).
\شماره٪٪۲۸
Mimouni, T. ``Thermomechanical characterization of energy
geostructures with emphasis on energy piles'', Lausanne, EPFL,
10.5075/epfl-thesis-6452 (2014).
\شماره٪٪۲۹
DIN 8074. `` Pipes of high-density polyethylene (high-density
PE)'', Deutsches Institut f\"{u}r Normung, pp. 99-105 (2011).
)