Turbulence structures and sediment transport of different countermeasure roughness of the squire bridge pier

Document Type : Article

Authors

1 Factulay of Civil Engineering Department, Shams Institute of Higher Education, Gonbad, Iran

2 F‌a‌c‌u‌l‌t‌y o‌f A‌g‌r‌i‌c‌u‌l‌t‌u‌r‌e F‌e‌r‌d‌o‌w‌s‌i U‌n‌i‌v‌e‌r‌s‌i‌t‌y M‌a‌s‌h‌h‌a‌d

3 N‌a‌t‌u‌r‌a‌l R‌e‌s‌o‌u‌r‌c‌e‌s a‌n‌d M‌a‌r‌i‌n‌e S‌c‌i‌e‌n‌c‌e‌sT‌a‌r‌b‌i‌a‌t M‌o‌d‌a‌r‌e‌s U‌n‌i‌v‌e‌r‌s‌i‌t‌y

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the hydraulics, turbulence structure, and sediment removal capacity of bridge pier with different adjusted roughness. Four experimental models of the roughness were employed to measure the effect of the geometry of the roughness on the scour hole formation and depth. The effects of roughness geometry on the turbulence structure and local erosion through the bridges were studied for one sand sediment size. The three-dimensional velocity profiles and turbulence characteristics of flow downstream and upstream of the bridge pier were measured by Acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) technique due to different adjusted roughnesses. After filtration process by WinADV software, the contour plots of the turbulence kinetic energy were depicted due to triangular roughness. The maximum longitudinal eroded section, which is commonly located by bridge pier corners, was measured through the experiments. The results of the scour hole measurements indicate that due to increasing the length of the roughness, the scour hole depth values decreased; however, increasing the vertical distance has the same effect on the scour hole formation. Furthermore, different geometries of the employed roughness illustrate that the triangular roughness has less scour hole depth than other experimental models with the same hydraulic condition. The detailed information of the magnitude, distribution, and probability of turbulence structures was extracted from time-series data using power spectra. The turbulence data were compared with the topography of upstream erosion. Analysis of the power spectrum density function indicated that the discontinuous adjusted roughness remarkably reduced the downward energy level of vortexes at the upstream of bridge pier, which is supposed that the gap opening through the roughness can increase downward jets impact. It appears that this condition reduces the turbulence kinetic energy near the bed elevation at the upstream face of squire bridge pier.

Keywords


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