Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering

Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering

Hydraulic Characteristics of Flow in Circular Stilling Basins with Baffle Blocks

Document Type : Article

Authors
Hamed Dashtban 1
Abdorreza Kabiri-Samani 2
Mostafa Fazeli 3
1 1Department of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Irangy
2 1Department of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
10.24200/j30.2024.64524.3330
Abstract
One of the most common hydraulic structures to dissipate the excess destructive flow energy is a stilling basin of the hydraulic jump type. Compared to the other types of stilling basins, due to the reduction of flow per unit arc length, in circular stilling basins, the hydraulic performance is improved, which can be more efficient if it comprises a number of baffle blocks on the bottom of the basin. Most of the former research on circular hydraulic jump stilling basins has focused on categorizing their types and hydraulic characteristics and recommended some limited design guidelines, overlooking the effectiveness of the baffle blocks inside a circular hydraulic jump. Considering the positive effect of the baffle blocks on improving the hydraulic characteristics of the classical and radial hydraulic jumps, it is expected that, compared to the typical circular basins, a circular stilling basin with baffle blocks would be more efficient. Therefore, identification of the hydraulic characteristics of the circular stilling basins with baffle blocks still needs further investigation. The present experimental study subjects to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the circular hydraulic jump-type stilling basins with the angled baffle blocks. Examining the hydraulic characteristics of the circular stilling basins with baffle blocks, empirical relationships are derived for the sequent depth ratio and the relative energy loss in the circular stilling basins with baffle blocks. The extracted empirical equations are evaluated, applying sensitivity and error analyses. The physics of the phenomenon, effects of the prevailing dimensionless parameters, and the profile of the jump surface are also discussed. Furthermore, the present results are compared with those of the other types of stilling basins. The characteristics of the circular stilling basins with the baffle blocks, such as the sequent depth ratio and relative energy loss increase, and the relative jump length decrease, are compared to the classical hydraulic jump-type stilling basins. The present study is a starting point for the investigation of the circular hydraulic jumps in a plunge pool. More experimental/theoretical studies are obligatory to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the circular hydraulic jumps, changing the bottom slope, the flow discharge, and the water free-surface profile.
Keywords
Hydraulic jump
circular stilling basin
baffle blocks
relative energy loss
Subjects
1. Watson, E. 1964. The radial spread of a liquid jet over a horizontal plane. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 20(3), pp.481–499. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112064001367.
2. Koloseus, H.J. and Ahmad, D. 1969. Circular hydraulic jump. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 95(1), pp.409–422. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/JYCEAJ.0001947.
3. Lawson, J.D. and Phillips, B.C. 1983. Circular hydraulic jump. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 109(4): pp.505–518. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339429(1983)109:4(505).
4. Bush, J.W.M. and Aristoff, J.M. 2003. The influence of surface tension on the circular hydraulic jump. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 489, pp.229–238. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112003005159.
5. Bush, J. W. M., Aristoff, J. M. and Hosoi, A. 2006. An experimental investigation of the stability of the circular hydraulic jump. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 558, pp.33–52. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112006009839.
6. Passandideh-Fard, M., Teymourtash, A.R. and Khavari, M. 2009. Numerical study of circular hydraulic jump using volume of fluid method. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 133(1), pp.114011–1140111. doi: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4003307.
7. Zobeyer, H., Rajaratnam, N. and Zhu, D.Z. 2013. Radial jet and hydraulic jump in a circular basin. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 140(1), pp.128–133. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE)EM.1943 7889.0000644.
8. Vishwanath, K.P., Dasgupta, R., Govindarajan, R. and Sreenivas, K.R. 2015. The effect of initial momentum flux on the circular hydraulic jump. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 137(6), 061301(7 pages). doi: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4029725.
9. Valiani, A. and Caleffi, V. 2016. Free-surface axially symmetric flows and radial hydraulic jumps. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 142(4), 06015025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943 7900.0001104.
10. Choo, K. and Kim, S.J. 2016. The influence of nozzle diameter on the circular hydraulic jump of liquid jet impingement. Journal of Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science., 72, pp.12–17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.10.033.
11. Soukhtanlou, E., Teymourtash, A.R. and Mahpeykar, M.R. 2017. Experimental relationships for determining the hydraulic characteristics of polygonal hydraulic jumps. Modares Mechanical Engineering Journal, 18(1), pp.273–280. [In Persian]. doi: http://mme.modares.ac.ir/article-15-199-fa.html.
12. Lakzian, E., Estiri, A., Teymourtash, A.R. and Niazi, M. 2018. Numerical investigation of circular hydraulic jump with non-Newtonian fluid with modified VOF method. Mechanical Engineering Journal, Tabriz University, 49(1), pp.268–261. [In Persian]. doi: https://tumechj.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_8661_1096.html?lang=fa.
13. Fazli, M. and Kabiri-Samani, A. 2019. Circular hydraulic jump in stilling basins with reverse slope bed. Sharif Civil Engineering Journal, 2-36(1/2), pp.37–47. [In Persian]. doi: https://doi.org/10.24200/j30.2018.50627.2334.
14. Saberi, A., Mahpeykar, M.R. and Teymourtash, A.R. 2019. Experimental measurement of radius of circular hydraulic jumps: effect of radius of convex target plate. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 65, pp.274–279. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2019.01.011.
15. Wang, Y. and Khayat, R.E. 2021. The effects of gravity and surface tension on the circular hydraulic jump for low-and high-viscosity liquids: A numerical investigation. Physics of Fluids, 33(1), 012105. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0032369.
16. Abdelaziz, A. and Khayat, R.E. 2022. On the non-circular hydraulic jump for an impinging inclined jet. Physics of Fluids, 34(2), 023603. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0079563.
17. Bhagat, R.K. and Linden, P.F. 2022. The circular hydraulic jump; the influence of downstream flow on the jump radius. Physics of Fluids, 34(7), 072111. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0090549.
18. Okulov, V. L., Sharifullin, B. R., Okulova, N., Kafka. J., Taboryski, R., Sørensen, J.N. and Naumov, I.V. 2022. Influence of nano-and micro-roughness on vortex generations of mixing flows in a cavity. Physics of Fluids, 34(3), 032005. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0083503.
19. Ranga Raju, K.G., Kitaal, M.K., Verma, M.S. and Ganeshan, V.R. 1980. Analysis of flow over baffle blocks and end sills. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 18(3), pp.227–241. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221688009499549.
20. Ibrahim, M. 2017. Improve the efficiency of stilling basin using different types of blocks. American Journal of Engineering Research, 6(8), pp.295–304. doi: https://feng.stafpu.bu.edu.eg/Civil%20Engineering/2476/publications/Mohammad%20Mahmoud%20Mohammad%20Ibrahim_ZJ0608295304.pdf.
21. Abbas, A., Alwash, H. and Mahmood, A. 2018. Effect of baffle block configurations on characteristics of hydraulic jump in adverse stilling basins .MATEC Web of Conferences, 162(1), pp.3005–3012. doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816203005.
22. Jafari, A. and Salehi Neyshabouri, S.A.A., 2016. Numerical study of effective parameters in length of submerged hydraulic jump with the baffle blocks. Sharif Civil Engineering Journal, 33-2(2/3), pp.65-73. [In Persian]. doi: https://www.sid.ir/paper/127934/en.
23. Esmaeeli Varaki, M., Kasi, A., Farhoudi J. and Sen, D. 2014. Hydraulic jump in a diverging channel with an adverse slope. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Trans. Civil Engineering, 38(C1): pp.111–121. doi: https://ijstc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1848_0.html.
24. Omid, M.H., Esmaeeli Varaki, M. and Narayanan, R. 2007. Gradually expanding hydraulic jump in a trapezoidal channel. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 45(4), pp.512-518. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2007.9521786.